Which muscle protracts the scapula?

The serratus anterior is the muscle responsible for protracting the scapula. This muscle is located on the lateral aspect of the thorax and extends from the upper eight or nine ribs to the medial border of the scapula. When the serratus anterior contracts, it pulls the scapula forward around the rib cage, effectively bringing it away from the spine and stabilizing it against the chest wall during arm movements. This action is crucial for actions such as pushing or reaching forward.

Other muscles like the latissimus dorsi primarily focus on shoulder extension and adduction rather than scapula protraction. The rhomboids function to retract the scapula, drawing it closer to the spine, while the mid trapezius also contributes to retraction and elevation of the scapula. Therefore, the unique function of the serratus anterior in protracting the scapula distinguishes it as the correct answer in this context.